Keratitis
KERATITIS is the inflammation of cornea. Keratitis is caused by various factors: eye dryness, contact lenses, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, locally used medicines, effects of ultraviolet radiation, chemical burns, a foreign body under the upper eyelid, corneal scrape with leaves, tree branches, thorns, etc., vitamin A deficiency. Microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses) from the outside or from the infection foci present in the body may enter the affected cornea and cause the inflammation.
All corneal inflammations result in reflex tearing, light sensitivity and eyelid spasms. These three signs are known as corneal syndrome. The eyes also get red, painful and eye discharge occurs. Keratitis especially affecting the central part of the cornea leads to decreased vision. The affected area of the cornea is lustreless, with epithelium defects on the surface, infiltrates may occur in the deeper layers – yellowish or greyish inflammation foci. Corneal sensitivity is altered.
Mild keratitis resolves over a few days without sequels. In more severe cases the disease may last up to several weeks. If treatment is delayed, keratitis can lead to severe complications – the disease can affect the deeper ocular tissues and cause their inflammation – iridocyclitis, a purulent inflammation of vitreous body. The infiltration can become ulcerous, resulting in corneal thinning and perforation.
The most common keratitis sequel is corneal haze leading to decreased vision.
If any ocular symptoms occur seek medical advice immediately. Timely treatment can prevent complications and restore your vision. Treatment tactics depends on the severity and cause of keratitis. In case of mild disease the patient s treated in an out-patient setting, in more severe cases in hospital treatment is required. Keratitis causative factor should be eliminated and the appropriate treatment should be administered